Essay: Terrorism in Pakistan

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Terrorism In Pakistan

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Outlines:

1. Introduction
2. Definition of terrorism
3. What is terrorism?
4. Islams response to terrorism
5. Causes of terrorism:
1-Socio economic causes
I. Injustice
2. Illiteracy
3. Overpopulation
4. Unemployment
5. No rule of law
6. Poverty
7. Inflation
8. Corruption
9. Dissatisfaction
10. Food insecurity
11. Inequality
12. Mismanagement
13. Lack of accountability
14. Favoritism
2. Political Causes
1. Political instability
2. Democratic failures
3. Clash between executive and judiciary
4. Absence of law and order
5. Influx of refugees
6 . Weaponisation
7. Drug trafficking
8. Mass massacre
9. Political gains
10. Feudalism
Religious causes:
1. Religious intolerance
2. Secterianism
3. Role of religious madressahs.
4. Religious elites indulgence in corruption
5. Misunderstanding of religion
6. Futile desire of heaven
7. Portray negative image
8. Material gains
9. Selfish motives
External causes
1. Afghanistan War 1979
2. Iranian Revolution
3. War on Terrorism9/11
4. External influence
5. International conspiracies
6. Role played by India
Factors Instigating Terrorism
1. Anti –terrorism campaign
2. Drone strikes
3. Negligence of Government
4. Persecution of innocent Muslims
.Kashmir issue
.Palestine issue
5. Impacts of terrorism
1. Insecurity
2. Political Instability
3. Infrastructure damage
4. Economic turmoil
5. Civilians loss
6. Diminishing Tourism
7. Declining FDI

6. Steps Recommended By Government:
Ban on Terror Boosting Organizations
Operation Rah-e-Nijat
Operation Rah-e-Rast
7. Triangular Relationship to Curb Terrorism:

USA
Pakistan
Afghanistan
8. Efforts to Vacate By 2014:
9. Critical Analysis
10. Conclusion



God has created this beautiful world with immense love and kindness. With Enormous affection Allah Almighty has given birth to his lovable creatures. He has given multiple colors to this world. He has formed Rivers, Oceans, Mountains, Stars and several other creations for the pleasure of mankind. He has given millions of shades to this mortal world. All are made for the gratification of human beings. Unfortunately, Human beings did not understand the motives of the creation of this world. Destruction and turmoil have become the fashion of the day. Terrorism is the gravest foam of destruction and disaster. It damages the internal as well as external infrastructure of every country. Insecurity and mental pressure have created a sense of self deprivation among masses.
At present, Pakistan has been facing the gigantic problem of terrorism. It has become the fashion of the day. It is regarded as headache for federation and a nightmare for public. It has colossal roots which spread inside the internal as well as external boundaries of Pakistan. Although it is global issue yet Pakistan has to bear the brunt of it. Pakistan’s involvement in war against terrorism has further fuel the fire. We are facing war like situation in Pakistan .This daunting situation is caused due to several factors. These factors included the followings which are summarized as below: Political instability, social injustice, inequality, self deprivation, religious intolerance, external hands and international conspiracies.
The term terrorism has been used millions of times around the whole globe. It is pertinent to know about the meaning of this soul trembling word. Terrorism is a use of force to create harassment. It is also used to create an environment of fear and violence. Basically there is no Specific definition of the term terrorism. International law has no definition to define or elaborate this term. Use of Authority for personal gains is also indicating towards terrorism.
A handful of people who have their vicious interests to fulfill have not only taken the lives of millions of innocent lives but also defamed the pious image of Islam. Terrorist’s acts like suicide bombings have become norm of the day. On account of these attacks Pakistan is suffering from huge loss ranging from civilian to economics. People have become numerical figure blowing up in every minute.
Terrorists have not left any place vacant. They spread around the whole country. Markets, shrines, mosques, hotels, gardens and educational institutes all are now under the thumb of just one click of terrorists. They blasted everything. They are responsible for the innocent lives of people. They hold special place in hell.
Islam is the pious religion around the whole orb. Purity of Islam reflects from the teachings of Holy Prophet PbUH.It always gives the message of peace , prosperity , kindness, justice, equality and love. Islam forbids all kinds of corrupt activities. Massacre of innocent lives are highly reprehensible in Islam. Committing cruel activities are forbidden in pious religion Islam. Islam openly negated terrorism.
Religion of Islam Advocates freedom, peace, mutual disagreement and admonishes aggression.
Now let’s have a cursory look on the following verses of holy Quran which indicates the fact.
“Do not aggress; God dislikes the aggressors”.
On another place holy Quran clearly says, “You shall resort to pardon, advocate tolerance and disregard the ignorant”.
In Islam an immense emphasizes has been laid upon love and sympathy towards all creatures. God has directed to be polite in speaking. Thus Islam is the perfect religion of the world; it condemned all stances of terrorism. How can a terrorist wish for heaven? They are directly assigning their place in hell.
Now let’s have a cursory look on the causes of terrorism. Terrorism is a crime. It is now become a hard nut to crack for the triangular countries (Pakistan, Afghanistan, and USA).The causes of terrorism is divided into spheres; internal causes and external causes. Internal causes further divided into socio -economic causes, political causes and religious causes. External causes include Soviet incursion of Afghanistan 1979, Iranian revolution, War on terrorism 9/11 and international conspiracies.

Now let’s have a watch on internal causes of terrorism. First of all, socio economic challenges this aggravated the already deteriorating conditions. It includes injustice, inequality, poverty, unemployment, Inflation, food insecurity, threat, dissatisfaction, illiteracy, over abundant population and massive corruption. It is very important to know these causes.
Injustice has been spreading since Independence. After the emergence of Pakistan, as a sovereign nation in the world map, it has encircled with several issues related to injustice. Lower class people are always suffering. No proper system of justice is present. Questions remain unanswered. Millions of people came from Indo Pakistan Subcontinent to fulfill their shattered dreams but all hopes were shattered by feudal class. This mighty class deprived people to obtain their due share. This class joined hand together with chief officers and usurped the rights of uneducated innocent people, who even did not know the hard realities of life.
Second issue which Pakistan has been facing as a threat is massive unemployment. The ratio of unemployment is increasing day by day. It created a big gap between developed nation and developing nation. Employment is now become the need of an hour. Without money you cannot survive in this materialistic world. Terrorism spreads like a giant because of unemployment; innocent people are trapped by terrorists. They give all amenities and facilities in shape of monetary foam. They pay heavy amount to them and in returns fulfill their selfish motives. They ruined the young generation. Proper channel of employment should be introduced. This disease should be removed. It is biggest challenge which is the root of all evils.
Third cause of terrorism is illiteracy, which should be removed instantly. In Pakistan illiterate person can easily be cheated by sharp minded terrorist. They only want to gain their motives. They can easily ruined the life’s of people .they have no feelings for others. They are burning in the own flame of revenge. They can destroy the lives of people. Illiteracy rate should only be decreased by promoting the importance of education. Campaign should be introduced. Government should introduce new ways to spread education in downtrodden areas. Illiteracy is more in Baluchistan, KP, and Fata and in the rural areas of Sindh and Punjab. This evil is eating the roots of Pakistan.
Fourth problem of Pakistan is poverty. Poverty is a term which has been derived from the Latin word pauper means poor. Poverty refers to a condition having less or fewer resources than others. According to various institutional reports I t has been identified that poverty is the main reason of terrorism. According to undp, 65.5 percent population of Pakistan has been earning their livelihood on 2$per day.
Another report of Spdc has revealed clearly the poverty status of Pakistan, 65.5percent in Baluchistan, 58.5 percent in NWFP, 28percent in Punjab, 21 percent in sindh.
According to World Bank report Poverty is spreading as a giant’s deficiently suffered because of World economic recession.EU countries pushed millions of people in debt trap. Poverty should be controlled with efficacious measures. Government should launch new and effective opportunities to curb the menace of poverty.
Mismanagement of resources is one of the major challenges which Pakistan has been facing. God has provided bundles of natural resources. These natural resources are now on the verge of destruction. Terrorism is devastating the natural beauty and this natural beauty is a channel of obtaining food. Government should pay high attention to this side. These natural blessings of God Should are managed properly.
Lack of accountability is another factor of terrorism. Accountability is very necessary. Without it no one can perform his duties in an organized and proper manner. Absence of accountability is a vacuum. It paves the way for terrorist to fulfill their selfish motives. They are playing their role without any constraints.
Corruption is a threat to sovereignty. It is an alarm for national integration. This term has been defined as; it is a use of force for obtaining personal gains. Since independence Pakistan has been culprit of corruption. This disease is eating the roots of Pakistan. It is spreading like a cancer. Mighty hands are indulged in the promotion of corruption. No sector is saving from this giant. The main reason of corruption is low level of salaries, Unemployment, poverty, illiteracy and overpopulation. These all are promoting people to indulge in corrupt activities. Corruption has the following kinds: bribe, nepotism, favoritism, political patronage, bidding process and so on.
Dissatisfaction is also increasing to large extent. It is creating a sense of insecurity. Terrorists in order to gain their selfish aims spread the wind of turmoil and threat. Dissatisfaction has been increased in every sphere of life.
Food insecurity is also enhancing to great extent. Because of terrorism, Government spends more budgets on the defense of the country. The prices of commodities are increasing. It becomes very difficult for an ordinary lower class people to bear the expenses. Apart from this, Agriculture is the main blood of our country. It also faces adverse impact. Our economy is totally revolves around agriculture sector. Industries are wholly dependable on agriculture sector. Everything is interconnected. Agriculture provides a strong base to our industries. Industries are a major source of revenue generation. Food insecurity is largely dependable on agriculture sector. Government should invest heavy amounts of funds to this sector.
Political causes is also creating vacuum. It also paved the way for terrorist to establish their foot. Political causes included the followings; political instability, corruption within politics, no proper set up, military intervention, Clash between institution, lack of consensus, selfish motives of politicians, feudal dispensation and lack of accountability.
Since independence Pakistan has been facing difficulties in the establishment of political set. Basically, there is no political set up in Pakistan. Everyone is pulling the leg of one another for the sake of self motives. In the initial years of Pakistan, Muslim league faced failure due to feudal class intervention. After passing some year’s constitutional crises erupted. Pakistan took long seven years to formulate first constitution. Corruption prevailed to large extent. Military intervention to curb the spread of corruption became the fashion of Pakistan. Constant four military interventions destroyed the image of Pakistan. Clash between judiciary and executive class have also come to forefront on several occasions. These all political turmoil paves the way for terrorists.
Religious causes also give sound ground to terrorists. Now a day, religious intolerance is spreading around the country. People are misunderstanding the religion (Islam).The concepts, ideas and values which are presented by Almighty Allah in Holy Quran are totally different from what people understand. This is termed as misconception. Misinterpretation of religion has become a norm of the day. Extremist considered themselves as the followers of Islam but unfortunately they do not comprehend the message of Allah Almighty. The message of Almighty Allah is peace, love, sympathy, kindness and honesty. Terrorists’ are not following the message of Allah. They are doing Jihad for themselves. Jihad means fight for the cause of Allah. Fight in the way of Allah. Religious intolerance should only be controlled by learning and understanding Quran. Quran is the complete Guideline for the whole world. It is a sacred book which was revealed on Holy Prophet PBUH. Holy Prophet PBUH is the biggest example of love, sympathy and tolerance. Why we don’t follow the path of Allah?
Religious Madressahs is a hub of terrorists. They are taught and guided in the madressahs.after the soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979, these madressahs were establish to prepare mujahedeen. The overall funding of mujahedeen were under the supervision of USA.they had been prepared to evacuate Afghanistan from the Soviet Invasion. Soviet forces faced defeat from mujahideen.After the failure of soviet forces a vacuum generated in war ridden country. Civil war erupted and continued for six years. This gave birth to drug trafficking, addiction, Weaponisation and other criminal activities. It further aggravated the circumstances. Pakistan had to bear the brunt of it.Weaponization culture entered inside the roots of Pakistan. Thus began a new journey of disaster and turmoil known as Kalashnikovs Culture. Pakistan always supported USA in the hour of grief’s always left Pakistan in the hour of pains. After fulfillment of motives, this marriage of convergence ended between USA and Pakistan.
Iranian Revolution also created a sense of conflicts inside the boundaries of Pakistan. Sectarianism conflicts erupted. Shia and Sunni rivalry began which further deteriorated the condition. This also laid the strong foothold of extremist inside the boundaries of Pakistan.
War on terrorism9/11 began, when three hijacked planes collided with the World TRADE CENTE NEW YORK and Pentagon building. This was the cowardly attack which occurred on 9/11.killed several innocent lives of people. People were buried under the roof of largest building. This clearly showed the weakness of USA intelligence agency. President Bush invited the whole international community to participate in so called war on terrorism. Pakistan became the top non NATO ally of Pakistan. Pakistan moves heaven and earth to curb the power of Taliban. After the long year of partnership, between USA and Pakistan, USA has decided to evacuate Afghanistan before 2014.This war on terrorism has claimed millions of innocent lives. Millions of USA military officers were lost their lives. It created havoc around the whole globe.USA will assigned this responsibility to afghan forces.
External influence is also instigating the terrorism. It is viewed on several occasions that India is indulged in creating conspiracies. It created misunderstanding between Afghanistan and Pakistan.
Now let’s have a cursory look on the factors which are instigating terrorism. These factors included the following; negligence of government, drone strikes, anti terrorism campaigns, injustice, persecution of innocent Muslims of Palestine and Kashmir.

Terrorism puts adverse impact on the life of individuals. It is not only put bad impact on individual’s life but also entire society is encircled. Flames and flames are encircling the whole Pakistan. Every city is now under the influence of terrorism. It affects the mental health of people. People fear around the whole country. Is this Pakistan? We were fighting and demanding for. Our beloved father of nation who struggled to built this country so called Quaid e azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Quaideazam condemned bloodshed on every occasion. Unfortunately now at every place in Pakistan Rivers of blood are flowing. Dead bodies are floating in this river, and all are happening because of terrorism. Terrorism spreads havoc .It claimed millions of lives. Don’t know how many others will be victimized in upcoming days. It puts bad impact on social life. Now Pakistani society has become the hub of terrorism. Bomb blast has become the norm of the day. Every street comes under the target of just one thumb click. Students are avoiding going to schools. Absences of teachers are reached at its zenith. Overall infrastructure of FATA, KP, and Baluchistan are damaged because of massive terrorist attacks. Girl’s schools are also targeting. The basic motives of terrorists to damage the educational institutes. They do not give preference to women education. They want to treat women as chattels. They openly negated the concept of women empowerment. The recent attack on 14 year old blameless girl named Malala Yusuf zai was regarded as cowardly act of terrorists. What they want? They actually want illiterate Pakistan. They wanted to spread the condition of Pre Islamic Arab. Pre Islamic Arabs were engaged in nasty circle of vices. They were the rulers of darkness. They were unaware people. After the arrival of light in the shape of Prophet Pbuh the overall world has been transformed. No one knows the hidden motives of extremist except bloodshed. Education is regarded as the blood of a country. Nation cannot grow like a tree in the absence of education. Education provides knowledge. It gives respectful position in social cycle. Absence of knowledge is as similar as absence of humanity in men. God has given full permission to avail knowledge. It is the right of every individual to attain knowledge. Without knowledge, a man is like an animal.
Political turmoil is evident in Pakistan. This gives an opportunity to extremist .This turmoil is further instigating by rebels. Pakistani Government should maintain healthy relationship whether inside or outside the political spheres. It will be beneficial for the whole nation. The recent clash of institution further fuelled the fire. Pakistan should play efficacious role in countering terrorism. Sound policies are required.
Since independence, Pakistan has been facing several downfalls. These downfalls created a gap inside and outside the infrastructure of Pakistan. Terrorism is the disease. It weakened the foundation of Pakistan. From its inception it faced millions of difficulties. Early problems of pakistanwhich included war with india,rehabilitation of millions of people,mismanagement,lack of resources, Water crises, massive corruption, lack of accountability, unjust demarcation of state and mass massacre all were damaging the existence of newly born state. After overcoming from these crises, Pakistan was encircled with several others crises. These crises were democratic setup, constitutional crises, feudalism, military intervention and institutional clashes. After ending these germs, international influence were shacking the weak foundation of Pakistan. Hence it is clear that Pakistan is hanging in the balance.
Economic turmoil is another impact of terrorism. Terrorism put worse impacts on economy of Pakistan. The economy of Pakistan is based on the agriculture sector.agricultre is the blood of Pakistan. It is source of revenue generation. Apart from revenue generation it is the source of food. Agriculture sector provides base to industrial sector. In the absence of agriculture sector, industrial sectors have no existence. Both are interconnected. So in this regard economy of Pakistan is adversely affected.
Lives of people are very much valuable. Almighty Allah has created his creature with love and kindness. Millions of civilians have losted their precious life. God condemned scene of carnage.
Pakistan earns a lot of revenue from tourism. Tourism is regarded as the source of revenue generation. Beauty of Pakistan is very famous around the whole world. This beauty has been damaged by destructions. Tourism in Pakistan now diminishes to great extent. This is another worse impact of terrorism.
Foreign direct investment also declined. This is another disastrous impact of terrorism. We are going back day by day. Efficacious policies are required to cut the throat of terrorism. Now multinational companies are not investing in Pakistan. It reduced our economic graph. The picture of Pakistan in the modernized world is soul trembling. Most of the people are going and settling abroad. Industries are closed. Economic condition reached at zilch. This is Pakistan which is facing the curse of terrorism. Taliban is the slogan of carnage. They are not human beings. They are dragons. They are creating havoc around the whole globe. Name of Pakistan is iniquitous around the whole world.
Now let’s have a cursory look on the steps recommended by Pakistani Government to curb the power of terrorism. Pakistan has taken several stances to reduce the intensity of extremism. The efforts of Pakistan military are commendable. Thousands of military officers’ losted their precious and valuable life .Lots of anti terrorism campaigns have been launched. Several bans on terrorist organizations have been enforced. Numerous operations had done to eliminate terrorists such as Operation Rah-e-Rast and Operation Rah-e- Nija, operation Rah-e –haq and operation rah-e-rast swat. Operation Rah-e-Haq was the first battle of swat between Pakistan and the Taliban. It was carried on 2007 in swat. Operation Rah e rast was operated on 30june2009.Operation Rah-e-nijat began on June 19 2009.the place of operation was South Waziristan in FATA.All these operations were carried on to curb the power of Taliban.
Now let’s have a glance on the triangular relationship among Pakistan USA and Afghanistan. Pakistan joined hand with USA to curb the power of Taliban. The relationship between USA and Pakistan is well known as the marriage of convergence. Pakistan is the non NATO ally of USa.Pakistan supported USA in every walk of this journey. Since 9/11, Pakistan and USA have been working to curb the power of terrorism. Because of USA strict policies this war creating a sense of turmoil around the whole globe.Dronestrikes are creating tension. Growing civilians’ causalities are becoming a threat for USA.
Now let’s have a cursory look on Afghanistan, USA Wrong policies and our options. America is going to face the worst ever defeat of its history. The crusade that USA launched after 9/11 against Taliban, the much desired victory has not fallen in to his lap in accordance with its plan. The Taliban are proved to be a hard nut to crack for USA.Instead USA realized the ground realities and make strategies for negotiations, it is committing blunders after blunders. The rulers in Pakistan and the national security institutions must keep eye on the situation of various steps taken by USA in Afghanistan. America is committing blunders by holding backdoor negotiations with traliban.they cannot work without Pakistan. It is the bitter reality.
Why does USA Leave Afghanistan? The answer of this question has so many reasons. First, USA and NATO occupation created civilian casualties.
Second, military occupation has hampered humanitarian aid and reconstruction efforts.
Third, Afghan women continue to face violence and oppression under occupation.
Fourth, NATO allies and military leaders are now questioning the occupation.
Fifth, USA troop’s casualties in Afghanistan are on height.
Sixth, Afghans are now calling for a negotiated end to the war.
Seventh, the occupation contributes to violence.
Now let’s have a cursory look on the recommendations for USA to change his policy towards Afghanistan.
Setting permanent timetable for withdrawal. It would be better.USA should immediately cease air strikes because it is the main reason of civilian casualties. It further damaged the image of USA.It should also support negotiated process. Compensate afghan families affected by war.
Thus, Pakistan puts several efforts to curb the danger of terrorism. Terrorism should only be controlled with mutual efforts. It is not a war of one country but it is a war of whole world. Overall international community should come forward to eliminate this gigantic threat. Negotiations are now only the safe solution to curb this menace. We don’t want more casualties whether in Pakistan, Afghanistan or USA.Whole nation should come forward to defeat this threat. We should join hands together and safe this globe from violence. Proper and effective measures should be laid down by government. Pakistan is considered as a land of purity. Purity can only be remained if we understand the motto of extremists. Let’s pray Almighty Allah to shower his blessings on Pakistan. Save this pious land from the selfish aims of terrorists.

Essay: Global Warming

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GLOBAL WARMING

OUTLINE:

 What Is Global Warming?

 Indicators of Global Warming

 Climate History Of The Earth

 Present Scenario Of Global Warming

 Causes Of Global Warming

• Burning Of Coal
• Appetite For Globally sourced goods
• Release Of Methane
• Use Of Forests For Fuel
• Use Of Chemical Fertilizers

 Effects Of Global Warming

• Increase In Sea Levels
• Hurricanes And Cyclones
• Shortages Of Food And Water
• Extinction Of Species
• Coral Reefs Will Collapse
• More Diseases

 Steps Taken By The World Community

• Earth Summit
• Copenhagen Conference
• Kyoto Protocol
• UN Environmental Program
• Asian Development Bank Program

 Suggestions

 Conclusion

ESSAY:

“The Earth is a generous mother, she will provide in plentiful abundance food for all her children if they will but cultivate her soil in justice and in peace.”
-Bourke Coekran

Global warming refers to the sustained increase in the average temperature of the earth’s atmosphere. In simple words, the phenomenon of warming of the planet Earth is known as global warming.

The chief indicators of the global warming are as under:

• Ozone Depletion
• Greenhouse effect
• Burning of Fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas which release greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
• Rapid industrialisation
• Motor vehicle exhaust

The climate history of the earth has always fluctuated. There have been Ice Ages as well as the periods of great warmth, like when dinosaurs roamed the planet. So why is everyone concerned about the climate change now? Firstly, this changing climate is man-made. Secondly, the rate and speed at which the climate is changing has never occurred before. The climate used to change over a period of thousands of years. Scientists generally agree that the Earth’s surface has warmed by about 1 degree Fahrenheit in the past 140 years. A recent report predicts that the global temperature could rise between 1 degree Celsius and 6 degree Celsius by the ends of this century. That is some serious warming.

One of the biggest issues we are facing now is global warming. Its effects on animals on animals and on agriculture are needed frightening. The effects on the human population are even scarier. The facts about global warming are often debated. But unfortunately, even if we disagree about the causes, global warming effects are real, global and measurable. Let’s first discuss the causes of global warming and then its effects on the globe.

Our ever increasing addiction to electricity from coal burning power plants release enormous amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere. 40% of US CO2 emissions come from electricity production. Burning of coal accounts for 93% of emissions from the electric utility industry. Every day, more electric gadgets flood the markets. Without widespread alternative energy sources, we are highly dependent on burning coal for our personal and commercial electrical supply.

Our modern car culture and appetite for globally sourced goods is responsible for about 33% of emissions. With our population growing at an alarming rate, the demand for more cars and consumer goods is increasing. It means that we are increasing the use of fossil fuels for transportation and manufacturing. Our consumption is outpacing our discoveries of ways to mitigate the effects. There is no end in sight to our massive consumer culture.

Methane is another extremely potent greenhouse gas. When organic matter is broken down by bacteria under oxygen-starved conditions (anaerobic decomposition) as in rice paddies, methane is produced. The process also takes place in the intestine of herbivorous animals. With the increase in the amount of concentrated livestock production, the level of methane released into the atmosphere is increasing.

The use of forests for fuel, both wood and for charcoal is another major cause of global warming. Our appetite for wood and paper products contributes to the mass deforestation. Forests remove CO2 from the atmosphere and store it. But this deforestation is causing the release of large amounts of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the warming of the Earth.

In the last half of the 20th century, the use of chemical fertilizers has risen dramatically. The high rate of application of nitrogen-rich fertilizers has effects on the heat storage of cropland. Nitrogen oxides have 300 times more heat-trapping capacity per unit of volume than CO2. In addition to this, high nitrate levels in groundwater due to over-fertilization are the cause for concern for human health.

The effects of global warming are:

Scientists predict an increase in sea levels worldwide due to the melting of two massive ice sheets in Antarctic and Greenland, especially on the East Coast of the US. However, many nations around the world will experience the effects of rising sea-levels, which could displace millions.

The security of storms such as hurricanes and cyclones is increasing. Scientists have come up with the foremost evidence so far that global warming will significantly increase in the intensity of the most extreme storms worldwide.

According to recent research, there is a 90% chance that 3 billion people worldwide will have to choose between moving their families to milder climates and going hungry due to climate change within 100 years. Climate change is expected to have the most severe impact on water supplies. Shortage in future is likely to threaten food production, reduce sanitation, and hinder economic development and damage ecosystems.

Rising temperatures could lead to the extinction of more than a million species. And because we can’t exist without a diverse population of species on Earth, this is scary news for humans.

A report on coral reefs from WWF says that in a worst case scenario, coral populations will collapse by 2100 due to increased temperatures and ocean acidification. The bleaching of corals from small but prolonged rises in sea temperature is a severe danger for ocean ecosystems. It is because many other species in the oceans rely on coral reefs for their survival.

The most direct effect of climate change would be on health. Global warming could mean more cardiovascular diseases, lung diseases, high mortality due to increased heat etc. global warming in expected to expand the favourable zone for vectors carrying infectious diseases such as dengue fever. It could also lead to insect-borne disease in Britain and Europe.

The world community has become fully aware of the hazardous effects of pollution, CFCs, greenhouse gases and global warming. Many steps have been taken and more steps are to be taken to combat pollution and the release of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere in order to reduce the risks caused by global warming. Following are some major steps taken by the world community for combating the problems of global warming.

The Earth Summit was held at Rio-de-Janario, Brazil in 1992. It was sponsored by United Nations Organization. The focal point of this summit was to combat pollution and global warming. It was attended by almost head of every state. This summit took some concrete steps but the USA opposed it.
The Earth summit was followed by Copenhagen Conference, held at Denmark. This conference discussed the issue of global warming and took some steps to reduce the emission of CFCs in the atmosphere.

Kyoto Protocol is the name given to the decisions taken by the meeting of the representatives of several countries regarding global warming and CFCs. It was held at Kyoto, Japan and produced an agreement, known as Kyoto Protocol. Following decisions were taken:

• The industrialized countries should reduce their emission of CFCs by 2012 to an average of 5% below 1990 levels.

• The industries that release excessive CO2 must be stopped.

• The release of CFCs must be minimized and all appliances and industries that cause to release CFCs must be banned.

Besides these steps UN has also started UN Environmental Program and Asian Development Bank has also taken some steps for controlling global warming.
Our climate is changing: fresh water reserves, fish stocks, forests are shrinking, fertile land is being destroyed and many species are becoming extinct. In order to prevent the worse consequences and to continue to thrive on this planet, there is dire need to balance our population with available resources as well as to reduce our consumption of goods, energy and other resources. This applies not only to the rich countries, but also the rich people living in poor countries. Our habit of constant consumption is ultimately going to cost us more than we can pay for. We must transform the way we produce and consume products and services. We must start taking actions now. Here are some suggestions/solutions:

• Investing in renewable energy (wind solar)
• Plant more trees.
• Build more cool cities projects.
• Save electricity and power
• Use public transportation
• Eat more organically grown food.
• Recycle material
• Re-think

To conclude, as far as the facts tell us, we have lavishly used the natural resources of our planet. Now, we need to stop before the complete destruction of natural resources. We must take necessary measures not only on individual, but also at large international levels. But the fact remains that we are all responsible for making a difference individually. We all eat, drink, throw out wastes and burn out natural resources on individual basis everyday an everywhere of our lives. So, why not take responsibility to save the planet individually as well.

It is a good thing that the governments and large international organizations have heard the alarming bell. Laws are being formed and enforced for large organizations to refrain from polluting environment. Bans are being imposed on cutting more trees than required. But measures have to be taken on individual basis as well as to send message loud and clear. Save the planet for present and future generation. Do not wait for miracle. We are the ones who will work the miracle. The planet itself is a miracle. Let’s marvel at its beauty and preserve it.

Essay: Democracy in Pakistan

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Once again, I thank you for your service and request all of you to please visit and must share the website with your friend and family via Facebook, Twitter, +Google, etc.
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DEMOCRACY IN PAKISTAN

OUTLINES

1. Introduction
2. What is democracy?
3. Nature of democracy.
4. Beginning of democracy
5. Democracy since creation
6. Causes of failure of democracy
7. Impacts of democracy
8. Measures for the survival of democracy
9. Conclusion

“The essence of democracy is its assurance that people should so respect himself and should be so respected in his own personality that he should have opportunity equal to that of every other human being to show what he was meant to become.”
"Ana Garlin Spencer"

Democracy is the most powerful foam of government. It is also regarded as the decisive foam of government. It requires active participation of people in the decision making process. Without public collaboration, democracy cannot flourish properly. It is the most favorable foam of government as well.
The great personality of entire subcontinent Quaid-a-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah was the staunch supporter of public participation in formulating government. He was the promoter of democracy in Pakistan.
According to Abraham Lincoln, “Democracy is the foam of government for the people, by the people, and through the people”
Dr Hassan Askari rightly defines “democracy in the precise and appropriate manner. According to him, It is a process which people initiates by conscious decision and sustain by subscribing to its principle by theory and practices.”
Here the question arises, what is the nature of democracy? The nature of democracy is evolutionary. It is not achieved at once. It is the long process. It needs strong collaboration. The birth place of democracy was England. Sir Robert Walpole became Prime minister in 1722.Parliamentray democracy started in England first. Before industrial revolution, concentration of wealth was under the control of feudal lords, which was disastrous for the promotion of democracy. Feudalism was a threat for democracy. History clearly reflects that feudal class was great threat for the establishment of democratic practice. After Industrial revolution wealth was divided and distributed. Middle class came to forefront which promoted ideal foam of democracy in different countries. Democracy first finds ground in India after England. Jawaharlal Nehru Comprehended the entire scenario of feudalism. He did not give chance to feudalism to hold ground. These initial efforts brought tremendous change in India. It laid down the foundation of strong democracy. Active participation of people has been viewed in India.
Pakistan as a sovereign state came into existence on 14 august 1947.The initial years of Pakistan was encircled with multitudes of crises. Bundles of crises have not given smooth path for the establishment of strong democracy. Since independence Pakistan has been facing a lot of turbulences in the path of democracy. Utter failures have been viewed since independence. It creates a sense of self deprivation among masses. Active participation of people has not been viewed since independence.
The main causes of failure of democracy in Pakistan are summarized as follows: Overdeveloped state structure, political instability, military intervention, massive corruption, lack of accountability, weak infrastructure, feudal dispensation, institutional crises, constitutional crises, strong bureaucracy, low level of political socialization, extremism, weak civil society and absence of mature leadership.
Presence of these causes is always considered as a menace to democracy. Now let’s have a cursory look on the elaboration of the following causes.
Overdeveloped state structure causes a great hurdle in the path of democracy. Pakistan has been facing this challenge since independence. The monopolization and centralization of power have creating a lot of problem for Pakistan. It creates hurdles in the way of smooth democracy.
Political instability is the main threat to democratic process. It creates unnecessary barriers in the process of democracy. Pakistan has been facing this menace since independence. Because of this problem democracy is always facing difficulties.
Military intervention in the democratic path was regarded as a dead blow in the way of democracy. In Pakistan, democracy faced four military intrusions, which was the menace for democracy.
Massive corruption paved the way for military to intervene in the internal affairs of country. After independence, massive corruption started to great extent. It gave path to military elite to rule Pakistan.
Lack of accountability is known as threat for any institution. In the absence of accountability no country can maintain its strong foothold. It causes a lot of trouble. Since inception, Pakistan has been facing the challenge of lack of aacountability.this is main reason of democratic downfall.
Weak infrastructure of Pakistan has been creating a lot of issues. Massive corruption make infrastructure weak and futile. In the presence of corruption and absence of accountability make infrastructure weak. Weakness of infrastructure is creating constraints in the path of democracy.
Feudalism is threat to democracy. After emergence, feudal class had more power and wealth. This class created barriers in the way of democracy.
Since independence, institutional crises have been viewed. Clash between judiciary and executive class is a threat to democratic practice. Lack of consensus is making commotion.
A constitutional crisis is regarded as a definite threat to democratic procedure. After independence Pakistan took long seven year in drafting constitution. Certain pitfall also aroused in the path of drafting constitution.
After emergence Pakistan faced strong influence of bureaucracy. In the initial year of establishment only two institutions were powerful to face the challenge of early establishment. Quaideazam gave chance to military elite and bureaucrats to complete the task of establishment. Soon after completing the task, they maintained strong control over the state institution which created a lot of problem for Pakistan.
Low level of political socialization in Pakistan has been viewed since independence. For democratic achievement political socialization is necessary.
Weak civil society is a menace for democracy. It creates a big gap in the establishment of democracy. Both are dependable on each other.
Extremism has been spreading like ulcer in Pakistan. It has deep roots in the past history. It creates a lot of hurdles in the development process. How can democracy flourish in the presence of trouble makers?
Dynamic leadership is missing in Pakistan. After the death of Powerful leader Quaideazam Pakistan has been facing democratic vacuum. No leader is like Father of nation.Quaideazam proved to be marvelous. Since independence no leader has proved himself as mighty Quaideazam.
Now let’s have a cursory look on the impacts of democracy. Democracy puts positive impacts on individual life, social life, political life and economic life.
Democracy flourishes individual life to great extent. Public say has been promoted in the presence of democracy. It provides massive opportunity in the development process. Demands of people have been viewed. Opportunities have been given to people regarding job.
Society blooms in the presence of democracy. Every department whether government or private work in an organized manner.
Democracy puts positive impacts on political life. If political parties work with sincerity in the establishment, and then it proves to be gain. Embezzlement of funds creates hurdles in the path of democratic process. Political stability has been needed in the establishment of democracy.
Democracy gives very smooth path to economic development. Both are interconnected. Funds have been utilized in the socio economic development which paves the way for successful establishment.
Now let’s have a look on the measure for the survival of democracy in Pakistan. Uninterrupted democratic process, curtailment in the role of army, efficacious accountability, breakage in power accumulation, judicial reformation, role of media, limited international interference and political socialization.
UN interruption in democratic process should be enforced. This can play very effective role in the establishment of democracy.
Since independence, army intrusion has been viewed which created hurdles in the path of democracy. Massive intrusion in the democratic process should be controlled.
Corruption should be controlled. Proper system of accountability should be launched to eliminate this illegal activity. Accountability is necessary for the proper working of institutions.
Breakage in the power accumulation process has paved the way for democracy. Feudal class has been engage in the accumulation of power. They are power lusty. This power must be snatched from them for proper flow of democracy in Pakistan.
Judicial reforming is very important for the establishment of democratic practices. Judiciary is very powerful branch of government. It needs reformation in its own spheres.
Media is known as the fourth pillar of state. It is now become more powerful than nuclear. It is powerful way of expression. It gives boost to democracy.
Limitation in international interference is needed. Massive international interference is a threat to Pakistan sovereignty. It is also a menace to democracy in Pakistan.
Political socialization is needed. Awareness and mass consciousness about politics has been required for the strength of democracy. It is the most powerful way of promoting democracy in our country. Political awareness in needed in every walk of life. Poor population is easily cheated by shrewd politician. Awareness can only be promoted by media.
Thus it is clear that democracy is the most viable and effective foam of government. It gives platform to general masses in the decision making process. It creates a bridge between Government and people. Massive role of people has been welcomed in democracy. It creates consciousness among masses.
In a nutshell, it is a very long way to achieve democracy in true foam in Pakistan. It requires sincerity and efforts in the establishment. Democracy is not only foam of government but it is a complete philosophy which covers all aspects of rights and freedom. It needs public collaboration in true sense.

Hello everyone! Hope you're fine and doing well.

I'm really very thankful to you for your kind appreciation towards this blog, which really help me and pushed me to take this step.
A week ago, I have started a website of my own where I will be writing essays, general knowledge topics, reviews and much more but I need your help again to help me promote my new website which I just made to help people like you, all and I will try my best to write to your needs, Insha-Allah. My new website sits at this address, waiting for: www.khansblog.com
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Aye Mery Watan Taiz Qadam Taiz Qadam Ho

Hello everyone! Hope you're fine and doing well.
I'm really very thankful to you for your kind appreciation towards this blog, which really help me and pushed me to take this step.
A week ago, I have started a website of my own where I will be writing essays, general knowledge topics, reviews and much more but I need your help again to help me promote my new website which I just made to help people like you, all and I will try my best to write to your needs, Insha-Allah. My new website sits at this address, waiting for: www.khansblog.com
Once again, I thank you for your service and request all of you to please visit and must share the website with your friend and family via Facebook, Twitter, +Google, etc.
Thanks and take care fellows. 

One of my Favourite National Song..!! It really inspires me a lot...
May Allah Ta'alla Bless our Country and Nation, Ameen..

Cover Letter for Application of Scholarship of ACCA

Hello everyone! Hope you're fine and doing well.
I'm really very thankful to you for your kind appreciation towards this blog, which really help me and pushed me to take this step.
A week ago, I have started a website of my own where I will be writing essays, general knowledge topics, reviews and much more but I need your help again to help me promote my new website which I just made to help people like you, all and I will try my best to write to your needs, Insha-Allah. My new website sits at this address, waiting for: www.khansblog.com
Once again, I thank you for your service and request all of you to please visit and must share the website with your friend and family via Facebook, Twitter, +Google, etc.

Thanks and take care fellows. 

Dear Sir or Madam,

Application for HRH Emerging Markets Scholarship (Patron's Scholarship)

I am writing to express my interest in applying for the esteemed HRH Emerging Markets Scholarship (Patron's Scholarship). With my interesting combination of academic, work and co-curricular experiences, I hope to convince you that I possess the necessary qualities to be a strong candidate for this scholarship.

            The decision to commit to a ACCA programme stems from my passion for research. At the end of my first year in PHPS&C, I spent my summer vacation working as a research assistant in computational and theoretical Accounting under the guidance of Associate Professor Shehriyar Hassan (From UK). Having displayed a strong aptitude for learning and research, I was offered the opportunity to undertake the intensive Undergraduate Research Opportunities Programme in Accounting (UROPA) under the same professor in Year 2. I am motivated by my research scope, which involves programming and simulation using theoretical principles, which is extremely relevant in practical industries such as material engineering and drug design. My passion for research is a good guarantee that I am fully committed to undertaking the ACCA programme, and that I will diligently strive for academic excellence.

I have proven myself to be a well-rounded individual throughout my College years. In sports, I have actively trained for and competed in numerous tennis competitions at the faculty hall, the club and College levels. Also, I have stayed in a college hall or residence for all two academic years. As a hall resident, I actively participated in hall activities and contributed to the hall by joining committees such as the Dinner and Dance, the Term-Time Rag committees and the Web Team Group. Despite these numerous commitments, I was able to maintain a second upper CAP, which has consistently improved with each semester. This further illustrates that I am a highly motivated individual who is resilient in what I do. My excellent time management skills and self-discipline have enabled me to strike the balance between my studies and co-curricular activities.

            I also demonstrated excellent leadership qualities. During my college days, I was the captain of Rodney House, entrusted with the responsibility of leading the House in sports related events. Under my office, my House clinched victories in both the annual Sports Day and Cross-Country events in the same year. In 2010, I was awarded the CCA Distinction Award for my efforts and contributions. In the university, I am the captain of the Eusoff  Hall tennis team. My responsibility was to coach and lead the team in preparation for the Inter-Hall Games. Currently, I am also a Head Teacher in the Nayab Public School where I taught and supervise around students each session. I have been appointed to these leadership positions because I am someone who is responsible and who can be relied upon as a leader. Through these leadership opportunities, I also learnt and developed strong interpersonal and communication skills, which are essential in the leaders of today.

            Being a competitive and prestigious scholarship, I understand that high expectations are associated with a London School of Business & Finance scholar. Given the opportunity, I will be immensely honoured, yet humbled to be a part of this outstanding group of scholars.

Thank you for your kind consideration of my application. Please feel free to contact me at   +(92) 3314499888 or wajahattiens@gmail.com if you require more information.

Yours Sincerely,

Wajahat Khan